Izvi zvinotevera zvinokupa hwaro hwakasimba kuti uenderere mberi nekufunda misimboti miviri yakakosha yeP & F charting: nhanho dzekutsigira uye nematanho ekudzivirira. Iwe unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti zvese rutsigiro uye kuramba zvinoratidzwa mumitsara yakatwasuka uye zvitaera zvinomiririrwa ne45-degree angles.

Matanho Ekutsigira

Chikamu chekutsigira chikamu icho vatengesi nevatengesi zvakafanana vanotenda kuti mitengo ichatanga kukwira kumusoro mushure mekurova chiratidzo chekutsigira. Tarisa matatu maO mumuenzaniso uri pamusoro kuti uone kuti izvi zvinorevei. Mutsara wakakomberedza weO ndizvo zvauri kutsvaga kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinja.

Kuramba Matanho

Mutsara wakakomberedza weX unoratidzira iwo mamanho ekudzivirira aunofanirwa kunge uchitsvaga mune yeP & F charting kudzidza. Zvidzidzo zvetrelinesline zvakaratidza kuti kuzorora kuburikidza nematanho ekudzivirira kazhinji kunoitika nekunakidzwa kukuru – ndiko kuti, nevhoriyamu hombe uye nekukurumidza kuwedzera kwemutengo wemasheya.

Pazasi Mutsetse
Maitiro anotora nguva yakareba kuti adzokere, saka vatengesi vanofanirwa kuyeuka kuti P & F charting yakagadzirirwa vatengi venguva refu uye haina kukosha chero kune mutengesi-wenguva pfupi. Nekushandisa poindi uye manhamba ekuratidzira kuti utarise huwandu hwemitengo, vatengesi vezvehunyanzvi vanogona kutora zvinzvimbo zvine mukana wakasimba wekuita purofiti.
Uku kungo tarisa kwekutanga kweP & F machati. Bhuku rakanakisa rakambonyorwa pamusoro penyaya iyi “Point uye Mufananidzo Charting” naThomas Dorsey. Iri bhuku rinofanirwa kune vese avo vanoda kunyatsonzwisisa nzira yakakurumbira yekutsvaga. Kubva pakaunzwa P & F machati, ivo